P2X receptors in GtoPdb v.2023.1

P2X receptors (nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR Subcommittee on Receptors [49, 146]) have a trimeric topology [118, 128, 144, 197] with two putative TM domains per subunit, gating primarily Na+, K+ and Ca2+, exceptionally Cl-. The Nomenclature has recommended that for receptors, structural criteria should be initial basis nomenclature where possible. X-ray crystallography indicates functional are three agonist molecules required to bind single assembly in order activate it 95, 103, 177]. Native may occur either homotrimers (e.g. P2X1 smooth muscle) or heterotrimers P2X2:P2X3 nodose ganglion [280], P2X1:P2X5 mouse cortical astrocytes [162], P2X2:P2X5 dorsal root ganglion, spinal cord mid pons [53, 234]. P2X2, P2X4 P2X7 receptor activation can lead influx of large cationic molecules, such NMDG+, Yo-Pro, ethidium propidium iodide [211]. permeability is modulated amount cholesterol plasma membrane [193]. hemi-channel pannexin-1 was initially implicated action [212], but not [41], this interpretation probably misleading [215]. Convincing evidence now supports view activated immediately permeable proceeds at much slower pace than small cations K+, Ca2+ [66].